The Lexicon of Resistance is a major outcome of the Resistance Project. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers studying the Spanish and Portuguese monarchies.  It provides a reliable tool for investigating the vocabulary and concepts employed by historical actors during that time, encompassing a wide range of resistance forms. This includes visible actions like rebellions and protests, as well as less apparent expressions of everyday and cultural resistance.

The Lexicon of Resistance adopts a comprehensive approach, simultaneously examining the two Iberian monarchies to understand the similarities and differences in the vocabulary used by their respective populations. It also traces the semantic evolution of these terms. Consequently, each entry in the Lexicon offers a survey of their uses in the context of the Spanish and Portuguese empires.

The analysis of the chosen words departs from and combines the meanings listed in the dictionaries of that period, juxtaposing them with their customary, popular, and at times, historiographical usage. The entries are organised into four major categories: a) Practices of resistance, which include violent and non-violent practices; b) Subjects/actors of resistance; c) Spaces and institutions of resistance; d) Objects of resistance. The Lexicon aims to capture the multifaceted nature of a vocabulary deeply intertwined with challenges to the imperial order. It encompasses a diverse range of elements, from the struggles of groups like the Mapuche, the Sangleys or the Tapuia to the significance of artifacts such as amulets and talismans, as well as illicit activities like contraband or acts of rebellion, and even institutions like black brotherhoods. 

The Lexicon of Resistance is a collaborative project, featuring contributions from numerous members of the Resistance team as well as external researchers. This is the case of the Vocabulario, coordinated by Anxo Rodríguez Lemos in the framework of the project Orden, conflicto y resistencias em el Noroeste peninsular ibérico em la Edad Moderna (PGC2018-093841-B-C31), that was carried out by the Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Being an ongoing project, this platform remains in a constant state of evolution and updates, ensuring its continuous growth and relevance.

How to use
The entries are written in Portuguese or Spanish. The language in which the entry is written is identified on the right side of the website. Although the entries are always alphabetized in Spanish, they can be search for, in the search box, in Spanish as well as in Portuguese.

TEAM

Coordinators
Ângela Barreto Xavier | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa, angela.xavier@ics.ulisboa.pt 
Graça Almeida Borges | Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa/CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora, mgborges@gmail.com 
Mafalda Soares da Cunha | CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora, msc@uevora.pt 
Miguel Dantas da Cruz | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa, miguel.cruz@ics.ulisboa.pt 

Reviewers
Ana Sixto Barcia | Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Ângela Barreto Xavier | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa
Emir Reitano | Universidad Nacional de La Plata
Graça Almeida Borges | Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa/CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
Isabel Corrêa Silva | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa
Ivan Gracia Arnau | CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora/Universitat de Barcelona
Jaime Valenzuela | Pontifícia Universidad Católica de Chile
Luciano Figueiredo | Instituto de História-Universidade Federal Fluminense
Lucrecia Enriquez | Pontifícia Universidad Católica de Chile
Mafalda Soares da Cunha | CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
Matheus Serva Pereira | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa
Miguel Dantas da Cruz | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa
Moreno Pacheco | Universidade Federal da Bahia/CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora

Authors
Alex Valledor Arostegui | Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Ana Paula Medicci | Universidade Federal da Bahia
Ana Sixto Barcia | Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Ana Sofia Ribeiro | CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
André Godinho | PIUDHist-ICS-Universidade de Lisboa
André Murteira | CHAM-NOVA FCSH
Ângela Barreto Xavier | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa
António Camões Gouveia | CHAM-NOVA FCSH
António Correia e Silva | Universidade de Cabo Verde 
Arlindo M. Caldeira | CHAM-NOVA FCSH
Arthur Curvelo | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa
Benedetta Albani | Max Planck Iinstitute for Legal History and Legal Theory
Benita Herrero | Universidad de Cantabria
Bruno Lopes | CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
Candela de Luca | Universidad Nacional de La Plata 
Cândido Domingues | UNEB/CHAM-NOVA FCSH
Catarina Monteiro | PIUDHist-CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
Catarina Sales | ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa
Elter Carlos | Universidade de Cabo Verde
Emir Reitano | Universidad Nacional de La Plata
Felipe Garcia Oliveira | CHAM-NOVA FCSH
Fernanda Olival | CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
Graça Almeida Borges | Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa/CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
Indira Leão | PIUDHist-CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
Isa Maria Liz | PIUDHist-CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
Isabel Corrêa Silva | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa
Ivan Gracia Arnau | CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora/Universitat de Barcelona
Ivone Monteiro | Universidade de Cabo Verde
Jaime Valenzuela | Pontifícia Universidad Católica de Chile
Joana Fraga | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa
José Évora | Universidade de Cabo Verde
José Vicente Serrão | ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa
Julián Carrera | Universidad Nacional de La Plata
Kevin Carreira Soares | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa 
Laura Machuca | Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social (CIESAS). Unidad Peninsular (Yucatán, México)
Lourenço Gomes | Universidade de Cabo Verde
Lucía Uncal | Universidad Nacional de La Plata
Luciano Figueiredo | Instituto de História-Universidade Federal Fluminense
Lucrecia Enriquez | Pontifícia Universidad Católica de Chile
Mafalda Soares da Cunha | CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
Mariana Meneses Muñoz | CHAM-NOVA FCSH
Marina Torres Arce | Universidad de Cantabria
Matheus Serva Pereira | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa
Miguel Dantas da Cruz | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa 
Miguel Metelo de Seixas | IEM-NOVA FCSH
Moreno Pacheco | Universidade Federal da Bahia/CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
Nicolás Celis Valderrama | Pontifícia Universidad Católica de Chile
Nicolás Girón | Pontifícia Universidad Católica de Chile
Nuno Gonçalo Monteiro | ICS-Universidade de Lisboa
Ofelia Rey Castelao | Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Osvaldo Victor Pereyra | Universidad Nacional de La Plata
Pablo Sánchez Léon | CHAM-NOVA FCSH
Pedro Cardim | CHAM-NOVA FCSH
Pedro Puntoni | Universidade de São Paulo
Rafael Sagredo | Pontifícia Universidad Católica de Chile
Roberta Stumpf | Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa/CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
Ruben Castro Redondo | Universidad de Cantabria
Sabrina Rosas | Universidad Nacional de La Plata
Sandra Cristina Montoya | Pontifícia Universidad Católica de Chile
Sarita Mota | ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa
Susana Aguirre | Universidad Nacional de La Plata
Susana Truchuelo García | Universidad de Cantabria
Tiago Reis Miranda | CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
Tomás Mantecón Movellán | Universidad de Cantabria

Technical staff
Luísa Rocha |  CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora
Rui Carapinha | CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora

How to cite the entries
De Luca, María Candela (2023), “Amotinarse / Amotinar”, in Lexicon of Resistance in the Iberian Empires, 1500-1850, https://doi.org/10.60469/q0ef-r526

How to cite the Lexicon
Xavier, Ângela Barreto; Borges, Graça Almeida; Cunha, Mafalda Soares da; Cruz, Miguel Dantas da (2023), Lexicon of Resistance in the Iberian Empires, 1500-1850, https://doi.org/10.60469/wm9e-sy96

DOI
https://doi.org/10.60469/wm9e-sy96